theoretically? yes.

several problems.

Food dehydrators typically apply heat as well, and sometimes significantly higher than a filament dryer.

Then there’s the cleaning and bacterial contamiation issues- food dehydrators are made to be easily cleaned so as to prevent bacteria doing nasty things to you.

Then there’s the various resins and solvents that sometimes off gas becoming toxic.

Microplastics is far down the list if you’re desperate, but it’s there too.

but otherwise, they’re still basically the same device A heater (maybe) pushing warm(ish) air over something.